Ding Xuexiang: The main goals of economic and social development during the 15th Five Year Plan period
The main goals for economic and social development during the 15th Five Year Plan period, as determined in the "Proposal," are of great significance for uniting and mobilizing the entire Party and people of all ethnic groups in the country to work together and ensure decisive progress in achieving socialist modernization.
1、 Firmly grasp the strategic requirements of ensuring decisive progress in the basic realization of socialist modernization during the 15th Five Year Plan period
The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly stated that socialist modernization should be basically achieved by 2035, and the "15th Five Year Plan" period is a critical period for consolidating the foundation and making comprehensive efforts to achieve socialist modernization. The Proposal proposes the main goals for economic and social development during the 15th Five Year Plan period, with a focus on the following aspects.
（1） The new journey of comprehensively building a socialist modernized country has achieved a good start, providing a solid foundation for moving towards new goals. The main goals and tasks of the 14th Five Year Plan are about to be successfully completed, and China's economic strength, technological strength, and comprehensive national strength have reached a new level.
（2） Anchored to the overall goal of China's development by 2035, scientifically formulate phased goals and tasks. By 2035, the basic realization of socialist modernization will still need to be continued through the two five-year plans of the 15th Five Year Plan and the 16th Five Year Plan. During the "Fifteenth Five Year Plan" period, we must accurately grasp the stage requirements, focus on the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation, reasonably determine goals and tasks, propose ideas and measures in each field, and promote the strategic tasks related to the overall situation of Chinese path to modernization to achieve major breakthroughs. With this foundation, we will work hard during the 16th Five Year Plan period and surely achieve the first step goal of the "two-step" strategic arrangement in the new era.
（3） Seize strategic opportunities tightly, cultivate new opportunities in crises, and open up new opportunities in changing situations. During the 15th Five Year Plan period, China's development environment is facing profound and complex changes, with strategic opportunities and risks coexisting, and an increase in uncertain and unpredictable factors. At the same time, China's economic foundation is stable, with many advantages, strong resilience, and great potential. The supporting conditions and basic trends for long-term improvement have not changed. We must adhere to the combination of goal orientation and problem orientation, actively recognize and adapt to changes, concentrate our efforts on doing our own things well, win strategic initiative in fierce international competition, and move forward courageously towards the basic goal of socialist modernization.
2、 Deeply understand the scientific connotation of the main goals of economic and social development during the 15th Five Year Plan period
The "Proposal" comprehensively considers domestic and international development trends as well as China's development conditions, takes into account system comprehensiveness and highlights key areas, focuses on connecting inheritance and exploring innovation, coordinates actively and practically, and clarifies the main goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five Year Plan" period from seven aspects, which need to be understood and grasped as a whole.
（1） Significant achievements have been made in high-quality development. China's per capita GDP is close to the threshold of high-income countries, and new mission tasks and development environment have put forward higher requirements for economic development. Only by adhering to high-quality development and constantly shaping new competitive advantages can we promote the steady growth and strength of the economy. By 2035, the per capita GDP will reach a new level and reach the level of moderately developed countries. During the "15th Five Year Plan" period, it is necessary to promote the steady improvement of total factor productivity, better coordinate the effective improvement of economic quality and reasonable growth of quantity, and maintain economic growth within a reasonable range. The problem of insufficient demand restricting the smooth circulation of the economy in our country is still prominent. Against the backdrop of unstable external demand, it is necessary to fully stimulate the potential of domestic demand, make domestic demand a stable anchor for economic growth, and firmly grasp the initiative of our country's development. We need to improve and expand the long-term mechanism for consumption, vigorously develop service consumption, continuously increase the consumption rate of residents, promote the continuous enhancement of the driving force of domestic demand to drive economic growth, fully unleash the potential for economic growth, deepen the construction of a unified national market, and continuously demonstrate the advantages of a super large scale market. The synchronous development of the "New Four Modernizations" is a major strategic issue related to the overall modernization construction. It is necessary to promote significant progress in new industrialization, informatization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization, and make major breakthroughs in developing new quality productive forces, constructing a new development pattern, and building a modern economic system.
（2） The level of technological self-reliance and self-improvement has significantly improved. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly stated that by 2035, a strong country in science and technology will be built, which is 15 years ahead of the comprehensive construction of a socialist modernized country, highlighting the strategic leading position and fundamental supporting role of science and technology. During the 15th Five Year Plan period, it is necessary to further improve the new national system, strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological strength, optimize the allocation of innovation resources, and achieve a significant improvement in the overall efficiency of the national innovation system. Technological innovation relies on talent, and talent cultivation relies on education. We need to coordinate the implementation of the strategies of revitalizing the country through science and education, strengthening the country through talent, and innovation driven development, strengthen the supporting role of education in science and technology and talent, improve the mechanism of collaborative education between science and education, smooth the virtuous cycle of education, technology, and talent, and promote the basic formation of an integrated development pattern of education, technology, and talent. In the coming period, the technological revolution and the great power game will intertwine, and competition in new technologies and tracks will become increasingly fierce. We should focus on the national strategic needs, gather forces to carry out original and leading scientific and technological research, significantly enhance basic research and original innovation capabilities, quickly break through key core technologies in key areas, significantly increase the number of parallel leading fields, deeply integrate scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation, and significantly enhance the driving role of innovation.
（3） Further comprehensive deepening of reform has achieved new breakthroughs. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, by comprehensively deepening reforms and improving various systems, the socialist system with Chinese characteristics has become more mature and standardized, providing strong institutional guarantees for the comprehensive construction of a moderately prosperous society. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee made a systematic deployment to further comprehensively deepen reform and promote Chinese path to modernization. More than 300 reform tasks proposed should be fully completed by 2029. This time node coincides with the period of the "Tenth Five Year Plan". We must anchor these tasks, deepen the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, and promote new breakthroughs in comprehensively deepening reforms. Economic system reform is the key to comprehensively deepening reform. We need to promote the improvement of the socialist market economy system, fully leverage the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, better play the role of the government, and stimulate the endogenous driving force and innovation vitality of various ownership and management entities. Opening up is a distinctive symbol of Chinese path to modernization. We should steadily expand institutional opening up, deepen the reform of the foreign trade system, foreign investment and foreign investment management system, jointly build the "the Belt and Road" with high quality, and promote a more sound system and mechanism of high-level opening up. The whole process people's democracy is the essential attribute of socialist democratic politics. We must adhere to the organic unity of the Party's leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and the rule of law, and further improve the institutionalization, standardization, and proceduralization of the whole process people's democracy. The construction of a socialist rule of law country will reach a higher level.
（4） The level of social civilization has significantly improved. Chinese path to modernization requires both material wealth and spiritual wealth, as well as self-confidence and self-improvement in ideology and culture. Material civilization and spiritual civilization should be grasped and strengthened with both hands, coordinated and promoted with each other, to promote the spiritual outlook of the whole nation to be more vigorous, and to significantly improve the civilization literacy and social civilization level of the people. We must adhere to the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field, build a socialist ideology with strong cohesion and leadership, promote cultural confidence to be more firm, and continuously consolidate and strengthen mainstream ideology and public opinion. Carry forward the spiritual pedigree of the CPC with the great spirit of party building as the source, carry forward the national spirit and the spirit of the times, strengthen patriotism, collectivism, and socialist education, and promote the widespread practice of socialist core values. To meet the growing spiritual and cultural needs of the people, it is necessary to focus on cultural construction and increase the spiritual and cultural wealth of society. To promote the prosperity and development of cultural undertakings and industries, deepen the reform of cultural systems and mechanisms, improve the level of public cultural services, expand the supply of high-quality cultural products, continuously stimulate the vitality of cultural innovation and creation of the whole nation, and enrich the spiritual and cultural life of the people. Chinese excellent traditional culture is the most profound source for us to enhance our national cultural soft power. We need to accelerate the construction of Chinese discourse and narrative system, significantly enhance the cohesion of the Chinese nation and the influence of Chinese culture, and continuously improve our national soft power.
（5） The quality of people's lives continues to improve. Chinese path to modernization focuses on people's livelihood. The people's yearning for a better life has generally shifted from "whether there is" to "whether it is good or not". We must adhere to the people-centered development concept, actively respond to the people's new expectations for a better life, focus on more stable jobs, more satisfactory income, more reliable social security, and more equal basic public services, strengthen the guarantee and improvement of people's livelihood work, and ensure that the development achievements benefit all people more and fairly. Employment is the most basic livelihood. We need to strengthen the employment priority policy, focus on solving structural employment contradictions, improve employment support policies for key groups, deepen the reform of the employment system and mechanism, and promote new progress in high-quality and full employment. Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics and an important feature of Chinese path to modernization. We need to improve the income distribution system, establish a coordinated and supporting system for primary distribution, redistribution, and tertiary distribution, so that the growth of residents' income and economic growth, the improvement of labor remuneration and labor productivity can be synchronized, the distribution structure can be optimized, and the middle-income group can continue to expand. Social security is related to the most concerned, direct, and practical interests of the people. We need to accelerate the improvement of a multi-level social security system that covers the whole population, coordinates urban and rural areas, is fair, unified, and sustainable. We need to reasonably improve the level of social security and promote a more optimized and sustainable social security system. Adhere to doing our best and acting within our capabilities, improve the balance and accessibility of basic public service facilities layout, resource allocation, and service supply, significantly enhance the level of equalization of basic public services, and effectively enhance the sense of gain, happiness, and security of the people.
（6） Significant progress has been made in the construction of a beautiful China. Chinese path to modernization is a kind of modernization in which man and nature coexist harmoniously. After years of unremitting efforts, the quality of China's ecological environment has greatly improved. However, the structural, fundamental, and trend pressures on ecological environment protection have not been fundamentally alleviated. The national conditions of high resource pressure, limited environmental capacity, and fragile ecosystems have not changed. The total amount of pollutants and carbon emissions remains high, and the historical arrears of environmental protection have not been fully repaid. The construction of ecological civilization is in a critical period of pressure accumulation and progress under heavy burdens. During the 15th Five Year Plan period, it is necessary to firmly establish and practice the concept that green mountains and clear waters are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver, grasp the dialectical unity between high-quality development and high-level protection, accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, promote ecological priority, conservation and intensification, green and low-carbon development, focus on building a green and low-carbon circular economy system, and promote the basic formation of green production and lifestyle. Striving to peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 is a solemn commitment made by China to the world. We will continue to implement the national strategy of actively addressing climate change, adopt strong policy measures, and ensure that the carbon peak target is achieved as scheduled. Based on China's abundant energy resources, we will adhere to the principle of first establishing and then breaking through, steadily promote the green and low-carbon transformation of energy, and promote the preliminary establishment of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient new energy system. The new expectations of the people for the improvement of the ecological environment are increasing. We must persevere and work hard for a long time, improve the ecological environment governance system, continue to deepen the battle against pollution prevention and control, accelerate the implementation of major projects for the protection and restoration of important ecosystems, achieve a continuous reduction in the total emissions of major pollutants, and continuously improve the stability of ecosystem diversity.
（7） The national security barrier has been further strengthened. National security is the bedrock of national rejuvenation, and social stability is a prerequisite for building a strong and prosperous China. Entering a new stage of development, the connotation and extension of national security are becoming increasingly rich, and the standard requirements are becoming higher and higher. The external environment instability and uncertainty faced by our country are becoming more prominent. Traditional and non-traditional security challenges are intertwined, and various risks are interconnected internally and externally, transmitted across domains, and accumulated. If not handled properly, it is easy to form systemic risks. During the 15th Five Year Plan period, we must firmly implement the overall national security concept, solidly promote the construction of a safer China at a higher level, further strengthen the national security system and capabilities, and ensure effective prevention and resolution of risks in key areas. Building a social governance community where everyone is responsible, accountable, and accessible, promoting the transformation of public safety governance models towards proactive prevention, and significantly improving the level of social and public safety governance.
3、 Strive to achieve the main goals of economic and social development during the 15th Five Year Plan period
The main goals of economic and social development during the 15th Five Year Plan period have been clearly defined, and the key is to refine measures and ensure their implementation.
We should study comprehensively and systematically, grasp the rich connotation and practical requirements of the Party's innovative theory, and more consciously use it to arm our minds, guide practice, and promote work, so as to ensure the stability and long-term development of Chinese path to modernization.
（2） Adhere to and strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, providing strong political guarantees for achieving the main development goals. The leadership of the CPC is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest advantage of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. The key to achieving the main development goals lies in strengthening the leadership of the Party, especially the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, and fully leveraging the Party's core leadership role in overall planning and coordinating all parties.
（3） Dare to fight, be good at fighting, and effectively respond to various risks and challenges. Our party relies on struggle to create glorious history, but more importantly, we must rely on struggle to open up a bright future. On the road ahead, we will encounter various risks, challenges, difficulties, and even rough seas. We should advance against difficulties, face difficulties, carry forward the spirit of struggle, strengthen the ability of struggle, dare to bite the bullet, and open a new world of career development through tenacious struggle.
（4） Grasp implementation with the spirit of nailing nails, and promote the detailed implementation of major goals and tasks. The road is simple, and practical work is essential. Implementing is the fundamental path to success in all work and career endeavors. We need to focus on implementation and transform the goals set in the 'Suggestions' into actionable construction drawings. We must work steadily and persistently, pushing forward step by step, accumulating small victories to achieve great success. Adhere to starting from reality in everything, pay attention to adapting to local conditions and time, and creatively carry out work. Fully mobilize the enthusiasm and initiative of all parties to form a strong joint force of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups to promote Chinese path to modernization.