Economists interpret the highlights of the Chinese economy
During the 14th Five Year Plan period, China's development process was extremely unusual and extraordinary. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that in the past five years, we have effectively responded to various shocks and challenges, and achieved new major achievements in promoting the cause of the Party and the country. In the face of the complicated international situation and the arduous tasks of reform, development and stability at home, our Party has united and led the people of all ethnic groups across the country to face difficulties and forge ahead, withstood the severe impact of the epidemic in the century, and effectively responded to a series of major risks and challenges. China's economic strength, scientific and technological strength, and comprehensive national strength have leapt to a new level, Chinese path to modernization has taken new solid steps, and the new journey of the second century goal has achieved a good start. Today's theoretical edition invites economists to talk about the highlights of the Chinese economy, analyze the future development trend, and deepen their understanding and recognition of the spirit of the Party Central Committee.
——Editor's note:
Steady progress
The overall structure is under pressure and moving towards a new and better direction
Shen Kaiyan, Director of the Institute of Economics at the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences
During the 14th Five Year Plan period in China, the global economic recovery was weak, unilateralism and protectionism significantly increased, and the global industrial chain accelerated its adjustment; In the development process of our country, structural, institutional, and cyclical issues are intertwined, and the problem of unbalanced and insufficient economic development still exists. Reform has entered a deep water zone. Against this complex background, China has effectively responded to such extraordinary challenges as the century epidemic, "decoupling and chain breaking", and natural disasters. The overall economic operation is stable and making progress while maintaining stability. Economic strength, scientific and technological strength, and comprehensive national strength have reached a new level. Chinese path to modernization has taken a new and solid step, and the new journey of the second century goal has achieved a good start.
For a large country like China, stability is the overall situation and foundation. Faced with multiple unexpected factors, China has implemented a series of macroeconomic policy "combination punches" through countercyclical and cross cyclical adjustments, resulting in a stable and solid macroeconomic situation. During the 14th Five Year Plan period, China's total economic output steadily climbed, continuously crossing the steps of 110 trillion yuan, 120 trillion yuan, and 130 trillion yuan, and is expected to reach around 140 trillion yuan by 2025, demonstrating strong resilience and room for maneuver; The overall price level remains stable; The overall employment situation is stable, ensuring people's livelihood and social stability. At the same time, the domestic demand market continues to grow, and the fundamental role of consumption is further enhanced. Despite the impact of the epidemic, with the economic recovery and the effective promotion of consumption policies, the consumer market has steadily recovered and the consumption structure continues to upgrade. The annual average contribution rate of final consumption to economic growth remains at a high level. The key role of investment is effectively played, especially in high-tech industries where investment growth is faster than overall investment, accumulating momentum for long-term development. In addition, facing the complex financial environment both domestically and internationally, China has prudently resolved risks in key areas and maintained the bottom line of preventing systemic risks from occurring. China's food security and energy security have been effectively guaranteed, and the stability and security of the industrial and supply chains have been further improved.
On the basis of maintaining overall stability, progress is the direction and driving force. China firmly implements the strategy of innovation driven development and continuously cultivates and strengthens new driving forces. The intensity of R&D funding in the whole society has rapidly increased, exceeding the average level of the European Union. Basic research and original innovation have been continuously strengthened, and breakthroughs have been made in several key core technology fields; The contribution rate of technological progress exceeds 60%, and new progress has been made in the construction of an innovative country. Driven by innovative achievements, the industrial structure continues to optimize and upgrade, and the proportion of manufacturing added value to gross domestic product (GDP) remains basically stable. In 2024, the "three new" economic added value with new industries, new formats, and new business models as the core content will account for about 18% of GDP, and the digital economy core industry added value will account for about 10% of GDP. At the same time, we will adhere to coordinated development, promote urban-rural integration and regional linkage. The leading role of growth poles such as Beijing Tianjin Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area continues to emerge. The advantages of the "four major sectors" of East, Central, West, and Northeast China complement each other and advance together, further enhancing the coordination and balance of urban-rural regional development. Actively promoting the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, the energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP continue to decline, the ecological environment quality has significantly improved, and a pattern of coordinated progress between economic and social development and environmental protection is taking shape.
The key to achieving these results lies in General Secretary Xi Jinping leading and steering the ship, making strategic judgments at every critical moment and important node, and leading the Chinese ship to sail through the wind and waves; Looking ahead to the 15th Five Year Plan, the supporting conditions and basic trends for the long-term improvement of China's economy have not changed. Make full use of these advantages, strengthen innovation breakthroughs and industrial applications in digital technology, green technology, biotechnology, etc., adhere to domestic demand leadership, tap into domestic demand potential, coordinate and promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, the cultivation and growth of strategic emerging industries, and the deep integration of modern service industry and advanced manufacturing industry. We will continuously consolidate the stable and positive trend of the economy and expand towards a new positive trend.
New Quality Productivity
The momentum of seeking "quality" from "new" continues to grow
Qu Yongyi, Researcher at the Institute of Industrial Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Productivity is the most active and revolutionary factor driving social progress. New quality productivity is the advanced quality of productivity in today's era. During the 14th Five Year Plan period, facing the complex situation of accelerating global changes unseen in a century and increasing difficulties and challenges in domestic reform and development, our party united and led the people of all ethnic groups in the country to tightly grasp the historical opportunities of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, withstand various challenges, and promote the steady development and continuous growth of new quality productive forces.
Technological innovation provides strong momentum for accelerating the development of new quality productivity. Technological innovation is the core element for developing new quality productive forces. During the 14th Five Year Plan period, China deeply implemented the strategies of revitalizing the country through science and education, strengthening the country through talent, and promoting innovation driven development. We adhered to the "four orientations" and organized the promotion of original and fundamental research with strategic guidance. In 2025, China will rank tenth in the Global Innovation Index, up four places from 2020. The number of global top 100 technology innovation clusters it possesses has ranked first in the world for three consecutive years. The accelerated pace of transformation and application of key common technologies, cutting-edge leading technologies, modern engineering technologies, and disruptive technological innovations has provided strong momentum for the steady development of new quality productivity. Major countries such as "going from heaven to earth and from sea to sea" have frequently appeared, and the industrialization rate of enterprise invention patents has increased from 44.9% in 2020 to 53.3% in 2024.
Industrial transformation and upgrading provide important support for accelerating the development of new quality productive forces. Industry is the main carrier of the development of new quality productivity. During the 14th Five Year Plan period, China will focus on accelerating the development of new quality productive forces to lay out the industrial chain, promote the supplementation of weak industries, the extension of advantageous industries, the upgrading of traditional industries, the construction of emerging industries, and the layout of future industries. The industrial system will continue to move towards high-end, intelligent, and green development, and the resilience and safety level of the industrial chain will continue to improve. From 2020 to 2024, the added value of China's high-tech manufacturing industry will grow at an average annual rate of 8.7%, and the industrial chain will continue to extend towards high value-added links. Especially cutting-edge new technologies such as digital technology and artificial intelligence have widely penetrated into various industries and deeply integrated with them, promoting the comprehensive transformation and upgrading of the industrial system. By November 2025, China has completed more than 20000 "5G+Industrial Internet" projects, achieving full coverage of 41 industrial categories, providing a "source of fresh water" and reliable guarantee for the accelerated development of new quality productivity.
Innovative development methods drive green productivity to lead the world. New quality productivity itself is green productivity. During the 14th Five Year Plan period, China firmly established and practiced the concept that green mountains and clear waters are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver, and steadfastly pursued the path of green development. By the end of 2024, China has cultivated a total of 6430 national green factories and 491 green industrial parks; In 2024, the production of new energy vehicles reached 13.168 million units, and the production and sales volume remained the world's top for many consecutive years, continuously enriching the global supply of green products. From 2021 to 2024, the annual average production of green products such as large-scale solar cells, ultra white glass for solar energy industry, and bio based chemical fibers will increase by 44.5%, 114.7%, and 89.6% respectively; The proportion of installed renewable energy generation capacity has increased to around 60%, with hydropower, wind power, solar power, and biomass power all ranking first in the world. It is precisely because of the continuous promotion of innovative development methods that China's green productivity has grown rapidly, becoming a beautiful scenery for the steady development of new quality productivity.
Overall, in the past five years, China has made continuous progress in the development of new quality productive forces, cultivating more momentum to seek "quality" from the "new" and stimulating strong momentum for high-quality development. The period of the 15th Five Year Plan is a crucial period for consolidating the foundation and making comprehensive efforts to achieve socialist modernization. Consolidating and expanding the advantages of a complete industrial system and enriching talent resources, focusing on promoting the transformation of development mode and institutional mechanism innovation, developing new quality productive forces according to local conditions, will drive China's economic ship towards a brighter future.
An expanded in-depth reform agenda
Injecting strong impetus into economic and social development
Reform is the fundamental driving force behind China's economic and social development. During the "14th Five Year Plan" period, in the face of the complicated international and domestic situations, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial reform, and the new expectations of the people, our party put reform in a more prominent position. On the basis of the overall completion of the reform tasks defined at the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, we successfully embarked on a new journey to further comprehensively deepen reform and promote Chinese path to modernization. China's comprehensive deepening of reform has many bright spots, providing strong impetus and institutional guarantee for Chinese path to modernization.
Economic system reform is the key to further comprehensively deepening reforms. During the 14th Five Year Plan period, our party adhered to and implemented the "two unwavering" principles, fully leveraging the role and advantages of different forms of ownership in the economy, accelerating the emergence of major scientific and technological achievements, and flourishing the development of new technologies, new formats, and new models. Adhere to the principle of distribution according to work as the mainstay, coexist with multiple distribution methods, improve the policy and system of distribution according to factors, and steadily expand the middle-income group. The basic market systems such as property rights protection and fair competition are constantly improving, the market-oriented, rule of law, and international business environment is continuously optimized, and the "four beams and eight pillars" of the unified national market are basically established. Driven by this series of measures, from 2021 to 2024, the role of domestic demand in driving economic growth has been enhanced, with an average contribution rate of 86.4%, further highlighting the advantages of a super large market.
Promoting coordinated development between urban and rural areas is an inherent requirement for enhancing the overall and coordinated development of China. During the 14th Five Year Plan period, the institutional mechanisms for urban-rural integrated development have been continuously improved, and positive results have been achieved in urban-rural integrated development. The income ratio of urban and rural residents has decreased from 2.56:1 in 2020 to 2.34:1 in 2024. Coordinating new industrialization, new urbanization, and comprehensive rural revitalization, regional development presents distinct characteristics of clearer functional positioning, more effective complementary advantages, closer regional linkage, and more abundant development vitality. The ratio of per capita regional GDP between the eastern and western regions has decreased from 1.68:1 in 2020 to 1.65:1 in 2024, and the relative gap has steadily narrowed.
Opening up is a distinctive symbol of Chinese path to modernization, and building a new system of a higher level open economy is a strategic move to promote reform and development through opening up. Faced with a complex and severe external environment, China is determined to expand its opening-up and implement a more proactive opening-up strategy. Fully implement the management system of national treatment and negative list before foreign investment access, and eliminate restrictions on foreign investment access in the manufacturing industry. Accelerate the construction of a global trade, investment and financing, production, and service network; Steadily expanding institutional openness in terms of rules, regulations, management, standards, etc., and deepening the construction of free trade pilot zones and free trade ports. At present, China's total import and export volume of goods trade remains the world's largest.
Our party has correctly handled the relationship between reform and development and improving people's livelihoods, adhered to better safeguarding and improving people's livelihoods in development, accelerated institutional innovation in the social field, launched a series of major reform measures in employment, education, medical care, elderly care, childcare and other fields, accelerated the filling of shortcomings in social services, "one elderly and one small" and other fields, and promoted the better and more equitable benefits of reform and development to the broad masses of the people; Deepen reforms around building a beautiful China, improve institutional mechanisms in areas such as land and space development, resource conservation and utilization, and ecological environment protection, coordinate the promotion of integrated protection and systematic governance of mountains, waters, forests, fields, lakes, grasses, and sands, deepen the battle against pollution prevention and control, and achieve significant results in ecological protection and restoration.
These reform measures have promoted the maturity and standardization of various systems in China. The Proposal of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China includes "adhering to comprehensive deepening of reform" as a principle that must be followed in economic and social development during the 15th Five Year Plan period, and requires focusing on institutional and mechanism obstacles that constrain high-quality development, and promoting deep level reforms. Persisting in using reform methods to solve development problems, further deepening reforms around promoting better integration of effective markets and proactive governments, accelerating the construction of a modern industrial system, enhancing the endogenous driving force and reliability of the domestic circulation, and expanding high-level opening up to the outside world will further add momentum and vitality to development.
Institutional openness
Opening up to the outside world clearly highlights the 'high level'
Yu Chunhai, Executive Dean of the School of Economics at Renmin University of China
Opening up is a distinctive symbol of Chinese path to modernization. During the "14th Five Year Plan" period, facing the adverse current of economic globalization and the "small courtyard and high wall" and "decoupling and chain breaking" of some countries, China unswervingly pushed forward the high-level opening up, accelerated the transformation from the opening up of commodity factors to the opening up of rules and systems, and injected strong impetus into the continuation of Chinese path to modernization.
Foreign trade is growing against the trend. Foreign trade is an important component of China's open economy. During the 14th Five Year Plan period, China's international market share in goods trade exports and imports remained stable at over 14% and 10%, respectively, and the scale of goods trade remained the world's largest; The scale of service trade remains the second largest in the world, and the total amount of service trade will exceed 1 trillion US dollars for the first time in 2024. The structure of foreign trade continues to be optimized, and the proportion of high-tech and high value-added products exports has significantly increased. In 2024, the export of the "new three types" of new energy vehicles, lithium batteries, and photovoltaic products will increase by 2.6 times compared to 2020; The rapid growth of knowledge intensive service trade has become a new driving force for the growth of service trade. At the same time, China and ASEAN have been the largest trading partners of each other for many consecutive years. The proportion of import and export trade with countries jointly building the "the Belt and Road" has risen from 29.1% in 2020 to 50.3% in 2024, and the proportion of exports to the United States has declined from 17.4% in 2020 to 14.7% in 2024. At present, China has become a major trading partner of more than 150 countries and regions, with a more diverse trade structure and partners, significantly improving the resilience of foreign trade.
The two-way investment space is constantly expanding. Bilateral investment is a more advanced form of opening up to the outside world and an effective way for China to deeply integrate into the world economy. In terms of the use of foreign investment, as of June 2025, the actual use of foreign investment in China during the 14th Five Year Plan period has reached 708.73 billion US dollars, and high-tech fields such as biotechnology, artificial intelligence, and green low-carbon have become new highlands for attracting foreign investment in China; In terms of outward investment, the total scale ranks among the top three in the world, with a direct investment flow of 192.2 billion US dollars in 2024, accounting for 11.9% of the global share. From 2021 to the first half of 2025, the two-way investment scale between China and the countries jointly building the "the Belt and Road" will exceed 240 billion dollars, of which China's investment in the countries jointly building the "Belt and Road" will exceed 160 billion dollars. The coordinated development of "bringing in" and "going out" in our country not only promotes high-quality domestic development, but also effectively promotes the economic and social development of relevant countries, especially the industrialization and modernization of countries in the global South.
High level institutional opening-up is being solidly promoted. Aligning with international high standard economic and trade rules is not only an inherent requirement for improving the level and quality of openness, but also an essential part of building a unified national market. It can transform the comprehensive advantages of domestic markets, industries, and talents into new advantages for international competition and cooperation, and actively participate in the reform of the global governance system. During the 14th Five Year Plan period, China's 22 pilot free trade zones actively aligned with international high standard economic and trade rules, forming a series of institutional innovation achievements; Fully implement the pre admission national treatment and negative list management system for foreign investment, orderly promote pilot projects for opening up service areas such as telecommunications, healthcare, and finance, implement the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement with high quality, and actively promote accession to the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans Pacific Partnership and the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement; Hainan Free Trade Port officially launched the island wide closure on December 18, 2025, and is becoming an important gateway leading China's opening up to the outside world in the new era.
China's high-level opening-up to the outside world continues to expand, benefiting not only from the continuous utilization of comprehensive advantages such as domestic market, industry, and talent in the process of accelerating the construction of a new development pattern, but also from the deepening of institutional opening-up. During the 15th Five Year Plan period, the uncertainty and unpredictability of the external environment have significantly increased. Actively aligning with international high standard economic and trade rules, implementing independent and unilateral opening up, and promoting the integration of domestic and foreign trade not only fully demonstrates China's determination to promote the construction of an open world economic system, but also helps to transform the new advantages cultivated into practical results of open development.
Livelihood is paramount
Solid and stable livelihood security
Du Feilun, Director of the Economic Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission
Chinese path to modernization focuses on people's livelihood. During the 14th Five Year Plan period, our party has always adhered to the principle of putting the people first, placing the protection and improvement of people's livelihoods in a prominent position in the overall development. We have planned and systematically promoted the construction of employment, income distribution, education, health, elderly care and other fields. In the past five years, China has made significant achievements in the development of people's livelihood undertakings, and the sense of gain, happiness, and security of the people has significantly increased, laying a solid foundation for stable and far-reaching economic and social development.
Employment is the most basic livelihood. Our party adheres to prioritizing employment, making every effort to expand employment opportunities, improving the public employment service system, enhancing the employment and entrepreneurship abilities of workers, and promoting high-quality and full employment. By the end of August 2025, we have exceeded the target of adding 55 million new urban jobs and kept the average surveyed urban unemployment rate within the expected target of 5.5%; Since the transition period, the employment scale of the poverty-stricken population has remained stable at over 30 million, laying a solid foundation for promoting healthy and sustainable economic development and maintaining overall social stability.
Increasing residents' income is an inevitable choice to enhance people's well-being and solidly promote common prosperity. Our party is focusing on expanding residents' income channels and expanding the size of the middle-income group. From 2021 to 2024, after deducting the impact of price factors, the average annual real growth rate of per capita disposable income of residents in China is 5.5%, which is synchronized with the economic growth rate of the same period. The income growth rate of rural residents continues to be higher than that of urban residents. The living standards and consumption capacity of the people continue to improve, and the foundation of common prosperity is more solid.
Social security is the fundamental institutional guarantee for maintaining social equity and enhancing people's well-being. Our party is deeply implementing the national insurance plan, fully implementing the personal pension system, continuously improving the policy of cross provincial medical treatment, expanding the pilot program for occupational injury protection for new forms of employment, optimizing social assistance and charity systems, and better protecting the basic rights and interests of women, minors, and people with disabilities. At present, China's basic pension insurance covers over 1 billion people, and the participation rate of basic medical insurance remains stable at over 95%; Focus on improving the lives of disadvantaged and key groups, promote the expansion and efficiency of social assistance, and continuously increase the average standard of urban and rural subsistence allowances. Overall, the social security network is tightly woven and the bottom line protection function continues to strengthen.
People's health is an important symbol of socialist modernization. Our party places the protection of people's health in a strategic position of priority development, continuously deepens the reform of the medical and health system, builds a high-quality and efficient medical and health service system, and weaves a solid national public health protection network. At present, the gap in medical resources per thousand population in the eastern, central, and western regions of China is continuously narrowing, with over 90% of residents able to reach the nearest medical service point within 15 minutes; As of the end of 2024, the number of long-term care insurance participants in China has exceeded 180 million, and the average life expectancy has increased to 79 years. The main health indicators are among the top in middle and high-income countries, and the supply of health services for the entire population and life cycle continues to increase.
In addition, in response to the trend of population development in our country, our party has improved the population development strategy, actively responded to the aging population as a national strategy, improved the policy system for supporting childbirth, expanded the supply of universal elderly care and childcare services, and provided solid support for better safeguarding the "one elderly and one young" policy and promoting long-term balanced population development. At the same time, we must adhere to the fundamental task of cultivating morality and talents, continuously increase investment in education, deepen comprehensive reforms in the field of education, and continuously promote educational equity. At present, China has built the world's largest education system, with a gross enrollment rate of 92.0% for preschool and high school education, a consolidation rate of 95.9% for compulsory education, and a gross enrollment rate of 60.8% for higher education. The system and mechanism for promoting fairness, scientific talent selection, and effective supervision are more sound.
During the 14th Five Year Plan period, the achievement of China's livelihood security report card was not easy and full of quality, fully demonstrating the significant advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. During the 15th Five Year Plan period, facing the new opportunities and requirements brought about by the upgrading of public demand, changes in population structure, and technological empowerment, we will continue to make efforts and deepen our work in fundamental and bottom line areas, further improving the quality of people's lives and writing a more warm new chapter of livelihood security.
green development
The comprehensive acceleration of green and low-carbon transformation
The energy structure is lighter. The proportion of carbon emissions caused by energy in China's total carbon emissions is relatively high. Promoting green and low-carbon development, energy structure transformation is an important aspect. During the 14th Five Year Plan period, China has built the world's largest and fastest-growing renewable energy system, with the proportion of renewable energy installed capacity increasing to around 60%. The total installed capacity of wind and solar power has achieved the national independent contribution target by 2030 ahead of schedule, and the proportion of non fossil energy consumption has increased to 19.8% by 2024. At the same time, energy utilization efficiency has significantly improved, with energy consumption per unit of GDP decreasing by 11.6% compared to the end of the 13th Five Year Plan in 2024. A clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient modern energy system is being comprehensively constructed.
The industrial structure is more 'excellent'. Industrial restructuring is an important support for promoting green development. China vigorously promotes the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure, and develops green and low-carbon industries. Since the 14th Five Year Plan, 198 million tons of coking production capacity and 110 million tons of cement clinker production capacity have completed ultra-low emission transformation, and more than 2000 coal-fired boilers have implemented organized emission transformation, promoting the traditional manufacturing industry to reshape its competitiveness in the transformation, and continuously improving the green production system. At present, the scale of China's green and low-carbon industry is about 11 trillion yuan, and there is still significant room for growth in the future.
The ecological environment is more 'beautiful'. With the deepening of the battle to defend blue skies, clear waters, and clean land, China's pollution control has achieved remarkable results. By 2024, the proportion of days with excellent air quality in cities at the prefecture level and above nationwide will reach 87.2%, and the proportion of surface water quality sections with excellent quality will increase to 90.4%; The national forest coverage rate has increased from around 23% in 2020 to 25.09% in 2024, making it the country with the highest and fastest green growth in the world; The forest stock exceeds 20 billion cubic meters, achieving the 2030 national independent contribution target ahead of schedule and creating the largest successful practice for developing countries to effectively protect the ecological environment while achieving rapid economic and social development.
Institutional guarantees are more 'practical'. Effective systems can provide important guarantees for green development. We promote the smooth operation of the national carbon emission trading market. As of the end of September 2025, the cumulative trading volume of emission quotas is about 728 million tons, with a cumulative trading volume of about 49.83 billion yuan. The river chief system and forest chief system have been comprehensively deepened, and innovative incentive models such as carbon inclusiveness and green credits are constantly emerging. More than 20 provinces across the country have established cross provincial river basin horizontal ecological protection compensation mechanisms to promote win-win cooperation between upstream and downstream river basins. Various regions have also explored unique mechanisms for realizing the value of ecological products based on their own realities, accumulating valuable experience for the national green transformation.
The lifestyle is more 'green'. We promote the widespread popularization of green and low-carbon concepts, actively practicing the concept of "zero carbon and zero plastic" at major international exhibitions such as the China International Import Expo and the China International Consumer Fair. The atmosphere of building and sharing a beautiful China is becoming increasingly strong throughout society. At present, new energy vehicles and energy-saving household appliances have become consumption hotspots, and the popularity of energy-saving and water-saving appliances has significantly increased. The social atmosphere of opposing luxury and waste and advocating simplicity and moderation is becoming increasingly strong.
The period of the 15th Five Year Plan is a crucial period for the basic realization of socialist modernization. The Proposal of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development and build a beautiful China. Accelerating the construction of a new energy system, actively and steadily promoting carbon peak and carbon neutrality, continuously deepening pollution prevention and ecological protection, and continuously carrying out South South cooperation to address climate change will not only enhance China's green development momentum, but also inject Chinese energy into global sustainable development.