身边的“十四五”——“纸黄金”见证大发展
“您先维护好自助打印电子签名和印章，发送证书后查询到审核通过，就可以自助打印证书了。”近日，在接到首次办理原产地证书自助打印企业咨询电话后，青岛海关所属烟台海关关员郭庆玲向企业耐心解答。
郭庆玲是海关原产地业务的“老兵”，入职以来一直从事原产地签证工作。在过去的五年里，她在原产地签证岗位上见证了原产地政策给外贸企业带来的实实在在利好。
原产地证书是企业享受自贸协定关税减让的法定凭证，一直享有“纸黄金”的美誉。“十四五”以来，我国陆续新生效实施中国—毛里求斯、RCEP、中国－塞尔维亚等7个自贸协定。自贸协定双方进口商品关税直降为零的比例不断增加，降税范围不断扩大，外贸企业也持续迎来更多实惠。
烟台北方家用纺织品有限公司的产品出口到多个国家和地区，目前已经实现了自贸协定优惠关税政策的全利用。今年以来，该企业共取得自贸协定原产地证书831份，享惠金额超7300万元，比5年前增长了约1倍。
“我们公司今年可享受进口国关税减免350多万元，对企业发展至关重要。”公司进出口部经理赵宏表示。
原产地证书的“纸黄金”价值凸显，使得企业对原产地证书办理业务的需求不断攀升。以烟台海关为例，今年前三季度，烟台海关共签发自贸协定原产地证书4.9万份，是2020年同期的2倍。
“我们根据海关总署统一部署，多次扩大自助打印范围，真正实现原产地签证全流程电子化，并全面推广证书智能审核模式，实现‘7×24小时’自动审核。”郭庆玲说，自2023年11月起，海关正式取消出口货物原产地企业备案事项，切实简化原产地证书办理流程，提升了出口企业享惠便利化水平。
五年前，原产地签证窗口还总是排着长长的队伍。而现在，申领原产地证书正式进入“秒签”时代，外贸企业“足不出户”就能凭证享惠。
“之前我们从早忙到晚最多一天审签400份证书，现在一天大约签发600多份证书，9成原产地证书办理实现了‘零门槛’‘零跑腿’‘零等待’。”郭庆玲说，“到现场来办业务的人少了，我们就可以把更多时间和精力用来指导和帮助企业更好地利用现有政策，提供更加精准的便企服务。”
郭庆玲介绍，为助力企业应享尽享自贸协定政策红利，烟台海关持续推广原产地证书“无纸化申报+智能审核+自助打印”模式，形成涵盖原产地签证事前、事中、事后的全流程便利化措施，采取“线上+线下”相结合方式开展政策宣讲和业务培训，实现上千家外贸企业全覆盖，并开展服务延长线活动，为215家企业量身打造最佳享惠方案。
五年来，我国自贸协定伙伴不断增多，原产地签证更加便利，企业享惠也越来越多、越来越快。据统计，“十四五”以来，烟台海关共签发自贸协定原产地证书27.4万份，年均增长率达19.8%，享惠货值771.3亿元，年均增长率达14.5%，累计可为企业减免进口国关税约36.7亿元。（王梓晨、于凌云/文）
译文：
The '14th Five Year Plan' around us - 'Paper Gold' witnesses the great development
You can first maintain the self-service printing electronic signature and seal, and after sending the certificate and checking that it has been approved, you can print the certificate yourself. Recently, after receiving a phone call from a first-time self-service printing enterprise for certificates of origin, Guo Qingling, a customs officer from Yantai Customs under Qingdao Customs, patiently answered the question to the enterprise.
Guo Qingling is a veteran of customs origin business and has been engaged in origin visa work since joining. In the past five years, she has witnessed the tangible benefits brought by the origin policy to foreign trade enterprises in the position of origin visa.
The certificate of origin is a legal document for enterprises to enjoy tariff reductions under free trade agreements, and has always been known as the "paper gold". Since the 14th Five Year Plan, China has successively implemented the China Mauritius policy RCEP、 Seven free trade agreements including China Serbia. The proportion of imported goods tariffs directly reduced to zero by both sides of the free trade agreement continues to increase, the scope of tax reduction continues to expand, and foreign trade enterprises continue to enjoy more benefits.
The products of Yantai North Home Textile Co., Ltd. have been exported to multiple countries and regions, and have now fully utilized the preferential tariff policies of free trade agreements. Since the beginning of this year, the company has obtained a total of 831 certificates of origin under the free trade agreement, with a total benefit amount of over 73 million yuan, which is about twice as much as five years ago.
Our company can enjoy a tariff reduction of over 3.5 million yuan from importing countries this year, which is crucial for the development of the enterprise, "said Zhao Hong, the manager of the company's import and export department.
The "paper gold" value of certificates of origin is highlighted, which has led to a continuous increase in demand for certificate of origin processing services from enterprises. Taking Yantai Customs as an example, in the first three quarters of this year, Yantai Customs issued a total of 49000 certificates of origin for free trade agreements, which is twice as many as the same period in 2020.
According to the unified deployment of the General Administration of Customs, we have expanded the scope of self-service printing multiple times, truly realizing the electronicization of the entire process of origin visas, and comprehensively promoting the intelligent certificate review mode, achieving automatic review "7 × 24 hours". Guo Qingling said that from November 2023, the customs will officially cancel the registration of origin enterprises for export goods, effectively simplify the process of handling origin certificates, and improve the level of convenience for export enterprises.
Five years ago, there was always a long queue at the origin visa window. Now, applying for a certificate of origin has officially entered the era of "instant signature", and foreign trade enterprises can enjoy benefits without leaving their homes.
Previously, we were busy from morning till evening reviewing and signing up to 400 certificates per day. Now, we issue over 600 certificates per day, achieving 'zero threshold', 'zero errand', and 'zero waiting' for 90% of the certificate of origin processing. Guo Qingling said, 'With fewer people coming to the site to handle business, we can spend more time and energy guiding and helping enterprises better utilize existing policies and provide more accurate convenient services.'
Guo Qingling introduced that in order to help enterprises fully enjoy the benefits of free trade agreement policies, Yantai Customs continues to promote the "paperless declaration+intelligent review+self-service printing" mode of origin certificates, forming a full process facilitation measure covering pre -, during -, and post origin visa applications. It adopts a combination of "online+offline" methods to carry out policy lectures and business training, achieving full coverage of thousands of foreign trade enterprises, and carrying out service extension activities to tailor the best benefit plan for 215 enterprises.
In the past five years, China's number of free trade agreement partners has continued to increase, making origin visas more convenient and providing more and faster benefits for enterprises. According to statistics, since the 14th Five Year Plan, Yantai Customs has issued a total of 274000 certificates of origin for free trade agreements, with an average annual growth rate of 19.8%. The value of goods benefiting from the agreement is 77.13 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 14.5%. The cumulative amount of import tariffs that can be waived for enterprises is about 3.67 billion yuan. (Wang Zichen, Yu Lingyun/Wen)