Introduce preferential policies for enterprises to expand multilateral market cooperation. Brazil's foreign trade volume reached a historic high last year

The Brazilian Ministry of Development, Industry, Trade and Services recently released a report showing that Brazil's trade surplus will reach 68.3 billion US dollars in 2025, with exports of 348.7 billion US dollars and imports of 280.4 billion US dollars, both reaching historic highs.

The report also shows that in terms of industries, the growth in export value mainly comes from manufacturing, mining, and agriculture, while the largest increase in import value is in capital goods, intermediate goods, and consumer goods. In 2025, more than 40 markets will set a new record for the purchase of Brazilian products, among which Canada, India, Türkiye, Paraguay, Uruguay, Switzerland, Pakistan and Norway will stand out.

According to Brazilian media reports, although the United States recently lifted the 40% additional tariff on some categories of Brazilian goods such as coffee, meat, and fruits, there are still about 22% of exported goods to the United States that need to pay an additional 40% tariff. Faced with tariff pressure, the Brazilian government has implemented financial, tax, and market diversification measures while maintaining multilateral trade rules to alleviate the short-term impact of external tariff policies and optimize the country's long-term trade layout. Brazilian Vice President and Minister of Development, Industry, Trade and Services, Alcmin, stated that even with the impact of individual countries raising tariffs and geopolitical tensions, Brazil's exports and imports will reach historic highs in 2025, indicating the effectiveness of the government's response measures.

In order to alleviate the operational pressure on businesses, Brazilian President Lula signed an executive order in August 2025 to launch a relief program called the "Sovereign Brazil Plan", which includes a special credit program worth 30 billion Brazilian reals (1 Brazilian reals is about 1.32 yuan). The program was officially implemented in September of that year, with priority given to small and medium-sized enterprises, perishable food exporters, machinery and equipment manufacturers, and other affected groups. The longest repayment period for preferential loans is 5 years. At the same time, the Brazilian government allows affected companies to delay paying federal income tax and value-added tax, and shortens the approval time for tax refunds for products exported to the United States and sold to other markets from 30 days to 15 days, improving the efficiency of corporate capital flow.

The Brazilian government launched the "Priority Procurement of Local Products Affected by Tariffs" policy in August last year, requiring public schools, hospitals, and social welfare institutions to prioritize the selection of affected local products in procurement. In addition, Brazil has established a national employment monitoring committee composed of representatives from the Ministry of Labor, the Ministry of Economy, and business associations to track the employment situation of affected enterprises in real time. Industry customized training programs have been launched, providing cross-border e-commerce operation training for employees of food export enterprises and green technology operation training for employees of mechanical equipment enterprises.

Brazil is also actively exploring emerging markets to alleviate tariff pressures. The Ministry of Economy of Brazil organized economic and trade delegations to visit India, Türkiye and other countries last year, reached a mutual recognition agreement on meat quarantine with India, and signed a memorandum of understanding on machinery and equipment trade with Türkiye, aiming to increase the market share of Brazilian agricultural machinery products in Türkiye to 15%. According to data released by the Brazilian Ministry of Development, Industry, Trade and Services, Brazil's exports to non US markets will increase from 68% to 72% by 2025, with exports to China growing by 6%.

The Brazilian government previously submitted a request for tariff negotiations to the World Trade Organization, calling for the restoration of the core role of the WTO dispute settlement mechanism. Paul Casella, an international law professor at the University of S ã o Paulo in Brazil, stated that cooperation platforms such as BRICS and the Union of South American Nations should strengthen policy coordination and build a more resilient trading system through multilateral cooperation and market diversification.

Industry analysis believes that Brazil's series of measures are a systematic arrangement that balances short-term foreign trade stability with long-term structural adjustment. With the gradual implementation of measures, Brazil is expected to enhance its ability to cope with external risks and consolidate its position in the global agricultural and manufacturing industries through market diversification and industrial upgrading.